AUXILIARY VERBS- COULD ---Lesson-1

Friends, today we are going to learn something about "could".
You know "could"is the past form of "can". Many times you read
or listen to some sentences which contain the word "could" .
But let me warn you. All those sentences may not refer "past things".
Some sentences may refer past things. But some sentences refer
near future or future or general truths or some other things.
See the following examples.
..
I could run ten miles in my twenties. (past thing)
You could have spent your vacation in Hawaii. (past thing)
It could be very cold in winter. (general truth)
John could go to jail for stealing the money. (possibility)
Could I have something to drink? (near future)
..
Now let us learn the usages(when to use and how to use)
of "could", one by one.
..
1. Expressing past ability:
"Could" is used to express "the past ability" of a person.
See the below examples.
..
I could swim when i was in my twenties.
You could run when you were a child.
He could speak french when he was in France, 20 years back.
..
Negative sentences:
The above sentences are positive sentences. We can prepare
negative sentences also. Then we should use "could not". By using
"Could not", we can express the past inability of a person.
See the below examples.
..
I could not swim when i was in my twenties.
You could not run when you were a child.
He could not speak french when he was in France, 20 years back.
..
Positive questions:
we can make positive questions and ask the past ability of a person
by using "could". Start the sentence with "could". That is enough.
See the below examples.
..
Could I swim when i was in my twenties?
Could you run when you were a child?
Could he speak french when he was in France, 20 years back?
..
Negative questions:
we can make negative questions and ask the inability of a person
by using "could not". Start the sentence with "could not". That is enough.
See the below examples.
..
Could not I swim when i was in my twenties?
Could not you run when you were a child?
Could not he speak french when he was in France, 20 years back?
..
Friends, till now this is enough. There are many things to know
about "could". In the next 4 or 5 lessons, we will learn many things
about "could".
By Sri Dhar

AUXILIARY VERBS CAN ---Lesson-1

Hi friends, how are you?
Today we are going to learn an auxiliary verb “CAN”.
It is used in different ways with different usages. Let us see now.


CAN :

1. Expressing ability:
“Can” is used to express the ability of a person.
See the below examples.

I can swim.
You can run
He can speak french.
They can cook.

Negative sentences:
The above sentences are positive sentences. We can prepare
negative sentences also.then we should use “can not”. By using
“Can not”, we can express the inability of a person.
See the below examples.

I can not swim.
You can not run
He can not speak french.
They can not cook.


Positive questions:
we can make positive questions and ask the ability of a person
by using “can”. Start the sentence with “can”. That is enough.
See the below examples.

Can I swim?
Can you run?
Can he speak french?
Can they cook?

Negative questions:
we can make negative questions and ask the inability of a person
by using “can not”. Start the sentence with “can not”. That is enough.
See the below examples.

Can not I swim?
Can not you run?
Can not he speak french?
Can not they cook?

Friends, one more thing. Instead of “can not”, we can use “can’t”
anywhere. “Can’t” is the short form of “can not”.
See the below examples.

Can't I swim?
Can't you run?
He can’t speak french
They can’t cook.


Friends, till now this is enough. But there are plenty of things to know
about “can”. In the next 4 or 5 lessons, we will go into the heart of “CAN”

VOCABULARY--------1

Shah Rukh goes to a shop to purchase some flowers.
Because it is Katrina's birth day. The shop keep is Amithab.
See the discussion between shah Ruck and the shop keeper.

Shah Rukh : I need some flowers for my girl friend.
It's her birthday today.
Amithab : Very well. We have some fresh red roses.
Shah Rukh :How much is the cost of these flowers?
Amithab :100$ a dozen
Shah Rukh :Oh. They are overpriced. What about these flowers?
Amithab :These are 70$ per dozen
Shah Rukh :They are also dear. In your shop                                  
 all flowers are pricey. Why?
Amithab : Sir. We import fresh flowers from Thailand                    
and Vietnam . By following Some dear methods,
we store them. So they are expensive.
Shah Rukh : How much are these roses?
Amithab: $20 per dozen.
Shah Rukh: That sounds like a good deal.
Amithab: Yes, they're on sale today.
Shah Rukh: I'll take a dozen.
Amithab: Splendid. Will there be anything else?
Shah Rukh: No, the roses will be fine.
Amithab: I'm sure your girl friend will love them.

Fiends, in the above discussion, shah Rukh and
Amithab have used these following words. See them below.

Expensive
Pricey
Overpriced
Dear

The meanings of the above four words are same.
They mean "costly".

Expensive = Pricey = Overpriced = Dear ==> costly

Friends, remember these four words and
their meaning. now read the above discussion.
Later write your own examples by using
these four words.
By Sri Dhar

INSIDE--------vs-------WITHIN

What is the difference between “inside” and “within”?
Here is my answer.
The words "inside" and "within" are synonymous
(except in some usages. There are some exceptions.).
Below I gave examples. All these are correct and accurate.

I kept the keys inside the box. [Correct]
I kept the keys within the box. [Correct]
I have pain inside my head. [Correct]
I have pain within my head. [Correct]

Friends, i said there are some exceptions. Now let us see them.
Exception- 1:
“Inside" can be used instead of verbs of motion,
meaning "into". But “within” should not be used in this case.
See these examples.

He went inside the house. (He went into the house.) [Correct]
He went within the house. [Wrong]

Exception –2:
When referring to time, you must use only “within”.
It is not correct to use “inside”.
See the examples.

You should complete it “within” two hours. [Correct]
You should complete it “inside” two hours. [Wrong]

Exception-3:
when you referring distance, you must use within.
It is not correct to use “inside”. See the following examples.

The policemen can catch the thief
“within” two kilometers. [Correct]
The policemen can catch the thief

“inside” two kilometers. [Wrong]
By Sri Dhar

Each other---------vs----------One another

Hi friends, another tip for this day.

Do you know the difference between
"each other" and "one another"?
..
Each other :
If only 2 persons are involved, we should use "each other".
..
Examples:
Those two brothers are quarreling with "each other".
Husband and wife are helping "each other".
..
One another :
If more than 2 persons are involved,
we should use "one another".
..
Examples:
Those four children are always complaining about "one another".
We all eight members should help "one another".
Friends, now write your own examples.
By Sri Dhar